《自然》发布2019年博士调查：三成博士生焦虑或抑郁

近日，《自然》发布一份涵盖全球6000余名博士生的调查报告。调查结果显示，36%的受访者表示曾因焦虑或抑郁而寻求帮助；21%的受访者表示曾遭受过导师、其他学生和职员的欺凌（bullying）。27%的受访者表示他们每周花大概41-50小时，25%的受访者每周花大概51-60小时。

Nature Ph.D. survey puts spotlight on mental health, harassment and student debt

by Springer

The fifth biennial survey of Ph.D. students, conducted by the journal Nature in conjunction with UK education market research company Shift Learning, provides insight into the challenges and concerns currently faced by Ph.D. students worldwide. The survey, which was completed by the highest number of respondents since its inception, included for the first time questions on mental health, bullying, harassment and student debt. Respondents were self-selecting, based all over the world and represented the full spectrum of scientific fields. In addition to English, the survey was also available in Chinese, French, Portuguese and Spanish.

Overall, the results indicated that most Ph.D. students were satisfied with their decision to pursue a Ph.D. (75 percent) and were also generally satisfied with their Ph.D. experience (71 percent). However, further questions that explored students' concerns revealed that uncertainty with career prospects, maintaining a work-life balance and funding were important issues.

biennial

biennial /baɪˈɛnɪəl/ 表示“两年一次的”，英文解释为“happening once every two years”。

区分：

· biannual 表示“一年两次的，一年两度的；半年一次的”（happening twice a year），如：the biannual report 半年报告。

· annual表示“一年一度的；每年的”（happening once every year），如：an annual event/visit/holiday 年度大事/每年一次的访问/每年的假期。

conjunction

表示“结合；联合；同时发生”，英文解释为“the situation in which events or conditions combine or happen together”，in conjunction with 连同，共同；与…协力，举个🌰：

There is a team of writers working in conjunction (with each other) on the book.

有一个作家小组在合作撰写这部书。

inception

表示“（机构、组织等的）开端，创始”，英文解释为“the start of an institution, an organization, etc.”举个🌰：

The club has grown rapidly since its inception in 2017.

这个俱乐部自从2017年成立以来发展迅速。

spectrum

spectrum /ˈspɛktrəm/ 表示“范围；各层次；系列；幅度”，英文解释为“a complete or wide range of related qualities, ideas, etc.”如：a broad spectrum of interests 广泛的兴趣范围。

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Some key findings from the survey include:

· 21 percent of respondents reported experiencing bullying, and the main perpetrators were supervisors, other students or staff.

· Discrimination or harassment in their Ph.D. programme was experienced by 21 percent of respondents.

· 36 percent of respondents sought help for anxiety or depression caused by their studies.

· 27 percent of respondents reported that they spend 41-50 hours per week on their Ph.D. programme, with a quarter saying that they spend 51-60 hours per week.

· Just under 50 percent of respondents reported a long-hours culture at their university.

· Almost 20 percent of respondents said they have a job alongside their Ph.D. studies and the main reason given was to help make ends meet (53 percent).

perpetrator

表示“作恶者；行凶者；犯罪者”，英文解释为“a person who commits a crime or does sth that is wrong or evil”，如：the perpetrators of the crime 该项罪行的作恶者。

long-hours culture

表示“超时工作环境（或压力）；加班文化；工作狂”，英文解释为“a way of life in which people spend many hours a day at work or working；The long-hours culture is the way in which some workers feel that they are expected to work much longer hours than they are paid to do.”

make ends meet

表示“使收支相抵；勉强维持生计”，英文解释为“to have just enough money to pay for the things that you need”。

Detailed analyses of the survey results will be published in the careers section of three upcoming editions of Nature. The first gives a general overview of the results, the second focuses on the mentoring of Ph.D. students and the third explores the Ph.D. experience in China. The full data set of the survey is also available here.

注：点击文末“阅读原文”即可下载。

David Payne, Managing Editor at Springer Nature, said: "Many people assume that once someone has enrolled on a Ph.D. programme they are set up for life, but sometimes reality can be quite different. Polls like Nature's Ph.D. survey allow us to understand the challenges students face and can be invaluable to institutions when they are considering the needs of their students. We are particularly pleased that this year's survey—the fifth in a decade—included important questions about mental health and well-being. We hope that these results will serve as a guidance for decision- makers at universities as well as prospective and current Ph.D. students."

be set up for life

表示“衣食无忧，不愁生计”，英文解释为“To provide enough money to sustain one for rest of one's life. The phrase is typically understood to mean that one will no longer have to earn an income.”

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